"Energy-wise, you want to plan for the harder sections of a course," says Vargas. "You should also know where the aid stations are and the points in the race when you will take in nutrition."
More: How to Avoid a Nutrition Meltdown on Race Day
Pay particularly close attention to the final meters of the run. This is where races are often won and lost, depending on how well an athlete doles out effort and implements his kick. "I've seen athletes think they were finished, not realizing they had another loop," says Vargas. "Sometimes you have to go past the finish line, around and back, so it's important to know the little nuances of the course."
There are a number of sources you can consult when it comes to racecourse planning and preparation. Course maps and elevation charts are usually prominent on race websites. Prior to the event, you can also often find information about a course on athlete blogs and online race reviews. Interacting with other athletes on social media who have participated in that race before is yet another source of insight.
If you live nearby, there is no substitute for putting in some training miles on the course grounds. There's a reason they call it a home-field advantage. "This is a big benefit for people who live close to a race," says Vargas. "It definitely gives you a sense of confidence because you know what to expect after training on the course."
More: 6 Secrets to a Faster Race
Since courses can change from year to year, attending the pre-race informational session should be on your to-do list even if you've previously competed at that particular event. It is there that race directors will inform athletes about any potential dangers on the course or tricky areas to navigate. It is also a great opportunity to meet other athletes and discuss strategy.
After months of training, give yourself the best shot at success by studying the course and doing your homework ahead of time. Not only will this aid in the logistics of your race, but it will also reduce anxiety as the big day approaches.
More: 9 Ways to Deal With Pre-Race Anxiety
Sign up for your next race.